Perspectives from Different Ethical Frameworks

[RufaidaKhatun]

Utilitarianism: Gene patenting is evaluated based on the greatest good for the greatest number, weighing the benefits of the innovation against potential harms such as restricted access and high costs. Deontology: Focuses on the moral principles involved, such as whether it is inherently wrong to claim ownership of parts of the human genome. Bioethics: Considers the implications for human dignity, autonomy, and the rights of individuals versus corporate interests.


2. Impact on Research and Innovation Encouraging Innovation and Investment Patents can provide the necessary financial incentives for companies to invest in expensive and risky biotechnology research, which could lead to data phone number breakthrough treatments and technologies. Potential Obstacle to Scientific Research and Open Access to Genetic Information Gene patents can create barriers to research by restricting the use of patented genes without permission, leading to concerns about “patent mushrooms” that complicate and slow scientific progress.




The Balance Between Commercial Interests and the Public Interest It is crucial to find a balance between protecting commercial interests and ensuring public access to genetic information. Policies that promote open access and protect genuine innovations can help achieve this balance. 3. Access and Equity Issues Accessibility of Patented Genetic Tests and Therapies Patented genetic tests can be prohibitively expensive, limiting access for patients who need them most.