Identification of threats

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Confidentiality is the protection of a company's confidential information. It's like having a secret vault for production data.
Integrity is the assurance that a company's data and equipment are trustworthy and always accurate.
Availability is a VIP pass for timely access to company data and equipment. Organizations want their systems to be available when needed.
There are other attributes that may join the party, such as privacy and security. But these three—confidentiality, integrity, and availability—are the hard, time-tested principles required in the Industry 4.0 space; they are the golden rules of cybersecurity.

Manufacturing systems face a range of threats that need to be protected against. For small and medium-sized businesses, these threats typically fall into three main categories:

Conventional IT threats: These are threats that most companies are already familiar with, such as ransomware, data loss or theft, and intellectual property leaks. They typically target a company’s IT infrastructure and its employees, often through sneaky phishing attacks (fake email offers, fraudulent security alerts) or weak passwords. These colombia mobile database attacks can not only waste time and money, but also damage a manufacturer’s reputation and relationships with business partners and supply chains.
Operational technology challenges: Industrial control systems, the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), and other shop floor equipment were once considered secure because they were kept separate from one another. Today, these systems are often connected to the company network and the Internet. This opens up opportunities for attackers to compromise them. Successful attacks on the operational technology environment can compromise sensitive company information, disrupt manufacturing processes, and impact product quality.
Vulnerabilities in Custom Software: Businesses routinely use software that has been customized, modified, or tailored to their specific production needs. This customization can unintentionally introduce security vulnerabilities. Furthermore, to avoid equipment failures, software is not always updated or patched to address newly discovered vulnerabilities. If custom software was not initially designed with security as a priority or is not properly implemented and maintained, it can become a potential entry point for access to other systems.
A few simple and practical first steps towards safety
Here are some practical steps to protect your production systems:

Cybersecurity training. Implement a cybersecurity training program for both new and existing employees. This program should teach them proper behavior, how to detect unauthorized activity, and what steps to take if a problem occurs. You can explore many free or low-cost cybersecurity training resources online, such as those provided by NIST.